Makai Ruffin (she/her) is a third-year Industrial-Organizational Psychology Ph.D. student at Rice University working with Dr. Margaret Beier. Makai's research focuses on how adults can leverage both normative and idiosyncratic changes in knowledge, skills, motivation, and abilities during formal and informal learning activities. She broadly investigates topics related to knowledge and skill development, cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, and fostering lifelong learning in the workplace.