My research focuses on understanding transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells employing a synthetic reporter system. By systematically altering transcriptional bursting dynamics, I aim to unravel the diverse mechanisms that regulate transcription. Additionally, I am interested to understand how energy dissipation impacts the input-output relationship between TF concentrations and gene expression using a non-equilibrium formalism. These insights will help us learn design principles to engineer complex gene circuitry in mammalian cells.