Research Interests
My research has focused on the history of early modern philosophy, primarily on Leibniz. The relations between the philosophies of Leibniz and Spinoza are one of my current interests. In the past, I have also published articles specifically on Locke, Descartes, and Spinoza, with incidental treatments of other philosophers scattered throughout my work. In terms of subject areas in the history of philosophy, my research interests fall generally into metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind and psychology, and philosophy of religion.

Education
B.A., Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, 1969
Ph.D., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1975